Teddy Roosevelt And The Development Of The National Parks

Teddy Roosevelt and the development of the National Parks 11/30/2014 Nicholas Wittkopp He was the youngest candidate to become president. He was the leader of the progressive movement. He was our twenty sixth president, he served from 09/14/1901 to 03/4/1909. He was a writer of thirty five books. He was New York s thirty third governor. He was a naturalist. He was a war hero in the Spanish-American War. He was a member of rough riders. He trust busted forty corporations. He made pure food and drug act, and meat inspection act. He got the government to set a side forty two million acres for wildlife reverses, and national parks. He toke over the Panama Canal project after the french gave up on the Panama Canal project, and finish the Panama Canal project. He face is on Mt. Rushmore. He was a historian and an explorer. This amazing man was the great Theodore Roosevelt, which in fact was my favorite president by far. Even at a young age Theodore Roosevelt cared about nature conservation. At the young age of eight years old Theodore Roosevelt start his own museum of natural history, when the skull of a seal washed up on the New York Harbor. Curiosity fueled the growth of the Roosevelt museum, Theodore collected any specimen in his reach, he plead to friends and family to bring him any specimens they could, and even paid other children for specimens they would get him. Being the leading naturalist of the time Theodore knew that killing unfamiliar animals wereShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at Natioanl Parks1437 Words   |  6 Pages A national park is an area set aside by a nation’s government to protect natural beauty, wildlife, or other remarkable features. Some national parks protect entire environments like coral reefs, deserts, grasslands, mountain ranges, or rain forests. Today about 1,500 national parks protect about 1.5 million square miles. Theodore Roosevelt had a huge impac t on the national parks we know today. The three I found most interesting include The Great Smoky Mountains National Park, the SequoiaRead MoreSpeak Softly and Carry a Big Stick†. Theodore Roosevelt was a man of legacy, he truly redefined1700 Words   |  7 PagesSpeak Softly and Carry a Big Stick†. Theodore Roosevelt was a man of legacy, he truly redefined the American Nation. Teddy Roosevelt was forty-three years old when he took the office of Presidency, making him the youngest president in U.S. History. To many, he was the first modern day president. Roosevelt truly expanded the power of the presidency dramatically with his Square Deal, and Foreign Policy. Theodore Roosevelt Jr. was born on October 27, 1858 in New York City to an affluent family. DueRead MoreAnalysis Of Timothy Egan s The Big Burn Essay958 Words   |  4 Pagespay much attentions to the effects these changes were having on the land. However, President Theodor Roosevelt had his concerns for the natural lands, and decided to pursue his plan to protect American landscape. He did not want to benefit from the nations sils and minerals. He said it would threaten the â€Å"nations long term security† With such strong beliefs, Teddy Roosevelt pushed to support national forest system. At the beginning of the twentieth century there was an urge for a reform in AmericaRead MoreProgressive Era Dbq Essay1119 Words   |  5 Pagesvote, which threw of the ratio of voters and non-voters. In addition, all four candidates running for the title of President, Debs, Roosevelt, Wilson, and Taft, were all progressives, and wanted to reduce the number of trusts. This gave all voters, men or women, no incentive to vote. In the end of the election, Woodrow Wilson won, with 435 electoral votes, while Roosevelt had 88, and Taft received a mere eight. During Wilsons presidency, some women spoke out saying that Wilson was oppressing themRead MorePresident Roosevelt s President Of The United States Essay1267 Words   |  6 PagesWhen President McKinley was assassinated Vice President Theodore Roosevelt became President of the United States at the age of 43. He is the youngest president in our nation’s history. Though President Roosevelt was young with fresh ideas filled with h igh energy as you will see that even after he became president he continued to do some things he enjoyed in his life. Roosevelt while still in the presidency, he continued to box inside the White House. In one of those instances while sparing he sparedRead MoreAlaskan National Wildlife Refuge Essay750 Words   |  3 PagesAlaskan National Wildlife Refuge Everyday we put tons of pollution into the air, water and ground. Our population is growing each day and in turn urbanization is expanding. Teddy Roosevelt, being an avid outdoorsmen, knew the importance of setting land aside for posterity sake and in doing do set a trend for later presidents. When Richard Nixon set land aside in Alaska, which became the Alaskan National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR), he set it aside to be never tainted by industrialization. TodayRead MoreEleanor Roosevelt ( 1884-1962 )1861 Words   |  8 PagesEleanor Roosevelt (1884–1962), one of the most admired women in American history, acted as first lady from 1933 until 1945, longer than any other presidential spouse, and put that position on the nation’s political map. Yet, ironically, Eleanor did not want the job because she thought it would hamper her own self-development as an independent person. Through her own path-breaking efforts she transformed her role from official hostess to important spokesperson for her husband’s administration. InRead MoreTheodore Roosevelt and Meat Inspection Act Essay2137 Words   |  9 Pageslevel of government first? Local 30. List the three basic reasons for the development of corruption in the municipal governments a. Cities grew too fast for the municipal governments to provide adequate services b. Many of the immigrants lacked the knowledge or tradition of democracy c. Business leaders were tied to the political bosses 31. What form of municipal government did the National Municipal League demand? Council/Mayor 32. List three municipalRead MoreExpectations For American Presidents Vary Depending On1790 Words   |  8 PagesTheodore Roosevelt was an effective president who knew exactly what to do and when to do it so that America would grow into a more established country. Roosevelt, the 26th President of the United States, was born in New York City on October 27,1858 and was the second of four children; Theodore, Elliott Bulloch, Bamie, and Corinne. His father, Theodore Roosevelt Sr., was an intelligent businessman and philanthropist, and Roosevelt saw him as the â€Å"ideal man†. His mother, Martha Bulloch Roosevelt, wasRead MoreThe Bull Moose3345 Words   |  14 Pagespresident of the United States, looked up to him as his idol. An unfortunate turn of events left a window wide open for this outstanding man, Theodore Roosevelt, to follow his destiny and leave a lasting impact on America and its inhabitants. He was the 26th and youngest president of the United States, forever changing what it meant to be president. Roosevelt was the first truly modern president of the United States, expanding the power of presidency, using executive orders, and presidential proclamations

The Second Inaugural Address By Abraham Lincoln - 852 Words

The primary source I have chosen is the â€Å"Second Inaugural Address† by Abraham Lincoln. Abraham Lincoln delivered his second inaugural address on March 4, 1865. Lincoln delivered his address as the Civil War was drawing to a conclusion and the final ends towards slavery. His address was to thousands of spectators, but was intended for a national and international audience. Some of the conspirators involved with Lincoln’s assassination such as John Wilkes Booth, George Atzerodt, and John Surratt were present in the crowd during the inauguration. Abraham Lincoln was the 16th President of the United States. Abraham most importantly led the Civil War into victory. He preserved the Union, abolished slavery, and strengthened the federal government, while also modernizing the economy. Lincoln’s speech contained neither happiness nor sadness. Rather, the speech was a reflection of the causes and meaning of war. The speech was greeted with misunderstanding. Many thought Lincoln would provide a victory speech for the North or blame the South for the evil of slavery. Lincoln’ address only contains 703 words, which is also of the shortest inaugural addresses recorded. Throughout the address, Lincoln mentions God, the Scripture, and invokes prayer. Frederick Douglass, abolitionist leader, wrote in his journal, â€Å"The address sounded more like a sermon than a state paper† (Autobiographies, 802). Lincoln began his address in a overwhelm tone. Lincoln begins his speech, â€Å"The progress of ourShow MoreRelatedAbraham Lincoln, Second Inaugural Address1752 Words   |  8 PagesAbraham Lincoln, Second Inaugural Address (1865) Page, 229. 1. Abraham Lincoln wrote second Inaugural Address in March 1865. I believe he wrote it because the cause of the civil war was slavery, since he blames that God was a cause of the Civil War and slavery. Lincoln also wanted the North and south to put aside their issues that divide them in order to heal their â€Å"broken arms†. 2. This document reflects the reveals that the Civil War was occurring during the time period. It also introduces theRead MoreAbraham Lincoln s Second Inaugural Address1070 Words   |  5 PagesOn March 4, 1865 Abraham Lincoln delivered his second inaugural address as president of the United States. The inaugural address came at the very end of the American Civil War, and just a month before the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. Prior to this address, the United States had been split into two different independent states, the Union and the Confederacy. Throughout Abraham Lincoln’s first term and the very beginning of his second, Lincoln had to deal with the secession of the eleven statesRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Abraham Lincoln s Second Inaugural Address1234 Words   |  5 PagesTiana Lanier Professor Lara Chapman Rhetorical Communication: A Theory of Civil Discourse July 7th, 2015 Rhetorical Discourse in Two Distinct Pieces of Work; Abraham Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address Emily Dickinson’s Success is Counted Sweetest Rhetoric is often denoted to as the art of persuasion. A set of linguistic traits and semantics used to evoke emotional responses from its intended audience, opening the floor for unanticipated influence by said audience. It would be an atrocity to ignoreRead MoreIn Abraham Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address, President Lincoln addresses a divided nation. Both600 Words   |  3 PagesIn Abraham Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address, President Lincoln addresses a divided nation. Both the Union and the Confederacy are bitter to each other towards the end of the war. However, Lincoln calls both the north and the south to set aside their issues that divided them in order to heal their broken nation. Lincoln uses a slew of rhetorical methods in his speech such as tone, diction, and syntax to further assist him in achieving his purpose of uniting the nation. Lincoln’s optimistic toneRead MoreAbraham Lincoln : The Greatest President Of The United States1051 Words   |  5 Pages Abraham Lincoln, arguably said to be the greatest president of the United States, was simply a smooth-tongued politician with the ability to sway the masses and imbibe a sense of patriotism which would allow for the United States to go to war against itself, all while under the guise of equality and slavery; when in reality the war was about individual state rights, and the fact that the southern states were becoming too powerful to be controlled by the centralized federal government. Even fromRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1217 Words   |  5 PagesAbraham Lincoln was born in the year 1809 on February 12th in the town of Hardin County, Kentucky to Thomas and Nancy Lincoln. Growing up Lincoln had no proper education, consequently he read books and educated himself. During Lincoln’s young adult years, he worked a various number of jobs as a shopkeeper, surveyor, and a postmaster. In 1832, Lincoln became a captain of the Hawk War against the Native Americans. Shortly after the war was over, he began his political career and was elected to theRead MoreAbraham Lincolns Second Inaugural Address1093 Words   |  4 Pagesreconciliation, restoration† (Edwin Louis Cole). Abraham Lincoln’s â€Å"Second Inaugural Address† is a speech that highlights every point in Cole’s quote. He, Lincoln, talks about how the south manages to rebel, how their economy will be left in ruin, how they will repent and be forgiven by both God and the North, how the North and the South will reconcile, and finally he talks of how the nation will move on to restoration. Abraham Lincoln’s â€Å"Second Inaugural Address† emphasizes the reconciliation of a tornRead MoreAbraham Lincoln : The Great Emancipator1590 Words   |  7 PagesSarmiento 6 Abraham Lincoln: The Great Emancipator During Abraham Lincoln’s presidency, the United States was divided into North and South, who were at war with one another. Recognizing the nation needed a determined leader to guide them into prosperity, Lincoln devised his plan for success. Lincoln’s attempts to preserve the North, while uniting them with the South seemed to be failing as the war continued throughout his first term. Once Lincoln got reelected in 1864, he set out to succeed inRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1117 Words   |  5 PagesWar. The sixteenth President, Abraham Lincoln, administered in the oval office during this time of chaos. Lincoln’s presidency revolved around many issues that were tearing the nation apart. His duty was to ease tension with regards to slavery and emancipation, cease secession, and preserve the Union. Lincoln is best known for three of his greatest presidential addresses: The House Divided Speech, First Inaugural Address, and Second Inaugural Address. These ad dress helped bring the Union out of despairRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln924 Words   |  4 PagesAbraham Lincoln was the United States 16th President in 1861. The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by Lincoln, which freed slaves. According to the National Archives and Records Administration, â€Å"The proclamation declared, that all persons held as slaves within the rebellious states are, and henceforward shall be free† (Archives.gov). Despite the fact that the Emancipation Proclamation did not free all slaves, it paved the way for African-American to fight for freedom. It also changed the focus

Food and Beverage Operation Management Free-Sample for Students

Question: Discuss about the Quick Service Restaurant. Answer: Introduction The food and beverage management aims to provide high quality food and beverage service to the customers of a restaurant. It is essential for the operations to ensure that food and beverage that is provided to the customers are of safe quality and the price of the food and beverage service helps to deal expense that are spend by the customers. The operation management also ensures that the customers of a restaurant can enjoy the food and drinks in a nice and clean environment. The initial stage of the food and beverage management service is to ensure that the guests are satisfied with the quality and standard of food and drinks that are being provided (Wambua, 2014). The production planning helps to ensure that the meals that are provided for the guests are prepared using fresh and standard quality of products. The current study focuses on the importance of Food and Beverage Management service. In this case, a plan for the food and beverage management is prepared, which is aimed for a Quick service restaurant in Singapore and will sell fast food items. With the help of the business plan, it is possible to attract the potential investors for the business. Description of the Industry The food and beverage industry involves in the function of processing the raw food materials and also help in the purpose of packaging and distributing the items. All types of food and beverages are processed and packaged carefully before they can be sold to the consumers. It is the duty of the operation management of food and beverage industry to ensure that these processes are carried out smoothly and all the consumers can get the well prepared meal. According to Davis et al. (2013), the food and the beverage industry expanded due to the fact that most of the people all across the world have increased travelling, which has lead to the increased of the demand of the packaged food and beverages products. Moreover, with the fast moving life of people in the urban areas, many of them prefer to have readymade food. In Singapore nearly 50,000 people are employed in the food and beverage industry. It has been also noted that the people in the Singapore depends more on the processed food a nd beverage items rather than on the grocery items. In the recent times, the demand for fast food within the young and working class people have gone high significantly, which has provided wide range of opportunities for the business in this sector. The government of Singapore has also passed the special Sales and Service tax that has allowed the government to earn revenue from the business of these sectors. The Menu Facilities Layout, Equipments required and Service design The Menu of a restaurant consists of the detail description of all the food that is offered to all the customers. The price of the food and the beverages that is offered to the customers is also mentioned in details with the customers. In this case the style of the restaurant is planned to be of Quick Service type, which is one of the most common types of restaurant that is available in the Singapore region. The main attractive point about this style of restaurant is that it will offer all types of Fast foods and drinks, which is a popular type among the young and working class people of Singapore. There are three types of food that is available in the restaurant that includes the starters; main course and desert (Refer to power point file). The price of each of the food items is kept by considering the quality of the food that is being used. As the restaurant aims to attract people from all parts of the society, the price of the all food and beverage items is kept on the marginal and reasonable level. It is also essential for the restaurant to have a perfect theme and ambiance in the internal environment, which will allow the customers to enjoy the food in a nice ambiance. The unique design of the restaurant is one of the key to part of most of restaurants that will help to attract the customers. The location of the restaurant is the key to provide the ambiance within that will be enjoyed by the visitors. It is also the duty of the restaurant interior designers to set the internal ambiance according to the food that is being sold. In this case, the restaurant is of fast food type, and hence the service that will be provided needs to be quick and swift. The internal ambience needs to be comfortable due to the fact that all types of people will be able to enjoy food. The restaurant will be centrally air-conditioned, which is an essential for the people to have enjoyed the comfortable atmosphere within the temperate environment of Singapore. With the help of the food that is available in the menu of the restaurant, it is possible to deal with all types of ambient environment. It is also the most important for all restaurants to have the perfect ambience in accordance of the food environment that is being sold. This will ensure that the customers will able to enjoy the food and also have a relaxing environment. The theme of the restaurant will be designed in such manner, where people can not only have foods but also able to spend some quality and relaxing time with the friends and there will be arrangement, where the customers will be able to consume food in a nice and relaxing environment. The overall restaurant will be in one entire floor, where there will be different sub-sections. All the tables within the floor are arranged in 5 different rows. There are different kinds of table and seat that is available from two-seaters, four-seaters and also 8-searters that is available for the people. These different types of sitting arrangement will ensure that all types of customers get proper place of accommodation depending on the total number of people, who are visiting the restaurant. The restaurant will have the total capacity of 78 customers and there will be enough empty space even when the restaurant will be fully packed. The design of the floor along with the placement of the table will allow the customers to enjoy the free space. The aim of the restaurant is not only to be a destination for having food, but it also aims to attract the customers on the basis of being a place for enjoying time with all the friends and colleagues. The floor of the restaurant will need to include the following items: Dining Area: This is the main space of the restaurant, where all the guests will enjoy the food along with their friends and colleagues. Waiting Lounge: Outside the main dining area is the waiting lounge, where the guests are able to enjoy their time before or after taking meal. Restrooms: There will be two large spaced rest rooms for both men and women, where all sanitation facilities will be available. The restaurant also need to have proper equipments that are used in the kitchen of the restaurant will ensure that the food being prepared in quick succession methods. With the help of proper planning in the kitchen of the restaurants, it is possible for the cook and the chefs to prepare food in proper manner. The kitchen of the restaurant will have three different sections that include the cooking section, washing section and the food storage section. The cooking section of the kitchen will include equipments like the microwave oven and other heating equipments that will help in the process of cooking of different items. In the washing section, the dishwasher is kept that will help in the cleaning of the dishes and all other cooking utensils. In the section of food storage, there will be refrigerators that will help in the cold storage of the food. Most of the equipments in the kitchen will help in powered by electricity expect the primary cooking oven, which is powered by LPG. All the equipments of the restaurants need to have proper maintained service that will help the device to work properly. The restaurant will make annual maintenance contract, which will ensure that the restaurant will be able to keep clean and safe internal environment. The restaurant will have table type of service in one section of the floor; while on the other section there will be self service, where the guests will have to collect the food on their own. With both type of service options that are available the customers can the freedom to choose the type of service they would like to avail. In the section of self service, the cost of the food will be marginally lower as in this case the service tax will be not be charged. Production System and Procedures of Safety Sanitation and Compliance The production system of the restaurant will have three different parts: The input system: The input system will include all the raw materials that include the vegetables and meat. Process: The cooking of the raw materials will include frying of food and also steaming. The baking of some of the food items will also be done. The restaurant will have some of the unique process to prepare the beverages that will offer some unique experience to the customers. Moreover, as it will be fast food restaurant, the overall process of preparing food needs to be of quick and efficient manner. Output system: The deliciously cooked food items will be the part of the output system of the restaurant. Being a multi cuisine restaurant the foods will have multiple flavors. The customers can enjoy the food within the restaurant and can also avail take away service. All the food items of the restaurant will have definite and proper production schedule, which will ensure that the customers get proper timely food. The chicken soup that is one of the items of the starter in the restaurant, and it will be available only during the time of dinner and lunch. There will also a special cocktail beverage that will be only available during the night time. All the food and drinks that are available in the restaurant will be covered under the food and safety acts that are implied by the government of Singapore. This will ensure that the healths of the customers are not compromised at any level. The Food Safety Plan that is one of the major part of the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point will be implied in the all the food items that will eliminate the chance of food related hazards (Farber et al., 2014). There also will be definite procedure to ensure that the food that is served to the customers is of the best quality. For example for the preparation of chicken soup the restaurant will need to ensure that the chicken or the raw meat is collected freshly from the local poultry. The water that is used in the soup also needs to be filtered. The spices that is added needs to be done in trace amount as overuse will increase the risk of health hazards. The application of the standard operating procedure (SOP) will help to ensure that all the food items are of reliable quality. The restaurant will have to follow the definite steps to fulfill the needs of SOP. In order to follow the steps the restaurant will need to get proper safety certificate from the food inspectors of the government of Singapore. The restaurant will have total 50 staffs that will include the chefs, cooks waiters and cleaning staffs. The chefs and cooks are to be hired from the top and reputed places of Singapore, who will have significant experience in the department of cooking. These are the employees of the front house of the restaurant. On the other hand, there are 5 people employed in the back house, who are in charge of the accounts department of the restaurant. The chefs and the cook of the restaurants are employed on the basis of the experience they have. The waiters are selected on the basis of communication power they have. All the recruited employees will be given proper training on the basis feedbacks that are provided by the customers. Marketing and Financial Plan The marketing plan of the restaurant will be done by using the tool of 4Ps of marketing. Products: This includes all the food and beverage items in the restaurant. The restaurant will include all the major types of fast food and drinks. Price: The price of all the food items are kept at reasonable level, which will ensure that all the people are able to enjoy the food items Place: The restaurant will be located at the heart of the city of Singapore and thus will have the chance to attract several customers. Promotion: The digital marketing techniques will be used by the restaurant. This can be done by publishing advertisement in the food blogs and relevant food websites. Before the opening of the restaurant the management had decided to publish their advertisement from a period of 6 months. After the restaurant is opened, the customers will be offered low priced food with extra discounts. The feedbacks from them will also be collected from the customers will help to improve the quality of service and food quality. Financial Information The total budget requited for the opening of the restaurant is $300, 000 Cost of building the restaurant: $100,000 Cost of designing the floor: $25,000 Cost of buying equipments: $50,000 Cost of hiring employees: $ 45,000 Cost of interior design: $34,000 Cost of marketing campaign: $46,000 Conclusion: The above mentioned plan of the restaurant will ensure that it is one of the successful and popular eating out destinations of the people of Singapore mainly belonging to the working class and young generation. The designing plan of the restaurant will ensure that all the people of the restaurant are able to enjoy the food in nice environment. Reference Davis, B., Lockwood, A., Pantelidis, I., Alcott, P. (2013).Food and beverage management. Routledge. Farber, J., Crichton, J., Snyder Jr, O. P. (2014). An Introduction to Retail Food Safety. InRetail Food Safety(pp. 1-2). Springer New York. Wambua, J. (2014). Food and Beverage Operations Management.

The Aztecs Should Historians Emphasize Agriculture Or Human Sacrifice Essay Example For Students

The Aztecs Should Historians Emphasize Agriculture Or Human Sacrifice Essay The Aztec Indians, who are known for their domination of southern and central Mexico, ruled between the 14th and 16th centuries.Their name is derived from Azatlan, the homeland of the north.The Aztecs also call themselves Mexica and there language came from the Nahuatlan branch of the Uto-Aztecan family. The Aztecs were formed after the Toltec civilization occurred when hundreds of civilians came towards Lake texcoco.Late families were unfortunate and were forced to go to the swamp lands.In the swamp lands there was only one piece of land to farm on and it was totally surrounded by more marshes .The Aztec families some how converted these disadvantages to a might empire known as they Aztec Empire.People say the empire was partially formed by a deeply believed legend. As the the legend went it said that Aztec people would create a empire on in a swampy place where they would see an eagle eating a snake while perched on a cactus which is growing out of a rock in the swamplands.This is what priests claimed they saw while entering the new land. We will write a custom essay on The Aztecs Should Historians Emphasize Agriculture Or Human Sacrifice specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now By the year 1325 Their capital city was finished.They called it Tenochtitlan.In the the capital city aqueducts (piping) were constructed, bridges were built, and chinapas were made.Chinapas were little islands formed by pilled up mud.On these chinapas Aztecs grew corn, beans, chili peppers, squash, tomatoes, and tobacco.Tenochtitlan (the capital city) was covered in giant religious statues in order to pay their respects to the gods.In the Aztec religion numerous gods controlled an Aztecs daily life.Some of these gods include:Uitzilpochtli (the sun god), Coyolxauhqui (the moon goddess), Tlaloc (the rain god), and Quetzalcoatl (the inventor of the calendar and writing).Another part of the Aztec religion was human sacrifices.For their sacrifices the priest would lay the man or woman over a convex (rounded) stone, then he would take a sharp knife and cut the victims heart out.They did this because they believed that good gods could prevent bad gods from doing evil things and they also be lieved that good gods got their strength from human blood and hearts so they had sacrifices in order to keep their gods strong.For major rituals warriors were sacrificed, for the warrior this was one of the greatest honors and for minor rituals prisoners were used.In an Aztec marriage the grooms shirt is tied to the brides dress in order to express there bonding and after the wedding incents were burned for 4 days before proceeding with the marriage. In 1519 Hernando Cortes, a Spanish explorer, led over 500 men into Aztec territory to search for gold.Aztecs thought he was a representative for a certain white skinned god so they respected him.It all changed when the Aztecs saw that Hernando was melting down their golden statues and shipping them back to Spain. The Aztecs decided to attack Hernando and his men.The Aztecs were successful and drove the Spanish away.In 1520 the Spanish attacked the Aztecs capital city and destroyed their civilization. That was the end of the Aztecs mighty empire had built so long ago. Work Cited1) ?Aztec Indians?.Young Students Learning Library. 19932) Encarta ?96.CD-ROM.U.S. Microsoft, 1996 .

If I were Education Minister Essay Example

If I were Education Minister Essay If I were Education Minister Ans : Among all the area that are lagging behind, education is the foremost. Its always been my dream to be the Education Minister of India. In my capacity, I would try to reform the education system, because I firmly believe that the future of the country rests on the shoulders of the students. My first step could be to make primary education compulsory for one and all in rural areas. I would motivate families to send their children to school by giving them incentives. I would bring out schemes wherein the poorest of the people will be able to study. If a student is unable to pay for his fees, I would get corporates to sponsor their education. I would make it compulsory for every Minister of the Union or State to sponsor at least one underprivileged childs education. Secondly, I would change the manner of education. I would make education more updated and in sync with the times. I would make it more practical rather than it being theoretical. A student would be given the choice of studying a subject that he likes rather than imposing anything on him. I would make social activities and sports a part of the curriculum and ensure that no child is deprived of these subjects. We will write a custom essay sample on If I were Education Minister specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on If I were Education Minister specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on If I were Education Minister specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Finally, I would ask all schools to assess a student on the basic of an overall yearly performance rather than one isolated examination. Que : Better to wear out that to rust out [ Mar 98 ] Ans : Proverbs are great teachers. When a hundred words fail, a few words in the form of a proverb make miracles. They pack a wealth of wisdom in a few welt chosen words like. An idle mind is a devils workshop. The language of proverbs is generally simple. The above given proverb means that it is better to work hard and become tired than not to do any work and rust out. It is an undoubted fact that hard work is the key to success. We cannot achieve anything without hard work. Right through the ages we find that great men and women the world over worked hard to achieve success. Edison worked twenty hours a day; and invested the electric bulb. The word rest did not exist in Mahatma Gandhis dictionary. Indira Gandhi worked tirelessly for our nation. Even popular film stars and sportsmen, have had to work their way up. A person is idle his mind would be like a iron which is rusted. Now that piece of iron is of no use but if that iron piece was used and wears out, then to it would be of use. A lily of a day which withers away in the evening is respected but not an oak tree which stands for hundreds of years. This means that those who are idle are not wafted by the society. No one finds them useful. If you want to fulfill your ambitions, work hard and wear out and do not frightened of failure. We must make full use of the talents and remember that success can only be achieved by hard work. Write a letter to your friend stating what changed your attitude towards mathematics. Ans : N Street Opp. Y Lane OPQ Dear Shyam, It has been long since I have heard from you. Did you forget me? I wanted to share an enlightening experience with you. Do you remember the way I treated mathematics? As if it were my step-sister. But the encouraging story of the great mathematician, Ramanujan, had a deep impact on me and I started liking mathematics. In spite of being an Indian, he was honoured with top awards in England. Poverty never became a hindrance for his passion. He had to undergo many hardships to research on mathematics and even in trying conditions, he continued his study. All these have pumped in new energy in me. I say to myself that if he could shine in such conditions, then even I could top the class which all the facilities I have at my disposal. Do share such experiences of you with me. Yours faithfully Suman Que : Work is Worship [ Mar 99 ] Ans : Work is the best kind of worship. According to all great thinkers, God is present everywhere and at all times. It is much better to do ones work well and thoroughly than to spend ones days chanting hymns. We do not have to go to a temple to pray we can do so while performing our humble day-to-day tasks. Indeed work itself is a form of prayer. We should work for the upliftment of humanity and the betterment of mankind. God helps those who help themselves, and we can help ourselves, only if we work, not only to possess material things but to glorify God who made us. Our work should be useful and creative and should be alone for the progress of our society and nation. The best example we can give is Mother Teresa who worked for upliftment of needy and poor. No work should be considered low, and no matter how humble it is, if it is for the benefit of the world it is worth doing. Whatever we do should enhance our own dignity and honour and make us better human beings. Work is divine and it is also the most befitting way of worshipping god. We can earn the love of God by doing it with dedication. Que : India of my dream [ Mar 00 ] Ans : India means culture and civilizations. Harappan civilization flourished on the banks of river Indus. India is not a vast mass of land, but it is a land of plains, mountains, rivers, villages etc. In ancient times, India was known as the land of plenty. Spices, silken clothes, cotton clothes, indigo were the items which made Europeans rich. Europeans came to India for trade and took away all these things to their country. India is a united country. The habits and customs of people as well as their food and clothing were of a common pattern and style. Many universities were established. This shows that there was unity in diversity. Even after five decades of independence, India is facing with many problems. The government is trying to solve the problems. Terrorism has affected the economy of India. My dream about India is that the problems which we are facing now like poverty, unemployment, illiteracy, terrorism, etc. will be got rid of. Every able man and woman will get work. The work will contribute to develop himself and the nation. The mind of the people will be strong without fear. His wisdom will be used for the welfare of the country. There will not be any riots or war. Education will be free for all. Minds will be free form all superstitions, narrow-mindedness and blind belief. The growth of the population will be checked since people will be educated and everyone will have equal opportunities to choose the line of education. There will be social democracy as well as economic democracy. There will be pure air and water. Man will make use at solar energy, wind energy etc. for the welfare of the people. India will progress in the field of science. India will become the richest and number one country of the world. There will be peace security for all in the country. Earlier it was said that India was a golden sparrow with its prosperity. I wish my dream of India comes true and progress and be prosperous. Que : Letter to the manager of a factory requesting permission for an industrial visit. Ans : New Komal High School, Naranpura Abad 13 7th February 2002 To, The Manager IFFCO, GIDC Road, Kalol. Sir, Being the General Secretary of the Students Union of our school, I am writing this letter to you on behalf of all my follow classmates. We are required to take up various projects and fieldwork. As part of the same, I request you to grant us a permission for an industrial visit to your factory. Our batch will consist of around 25 students. Your permission will go a long way in educating students. Kindly let us know the day and time convenient to you. Awaiting a favourable reply. Yours faithfully, XYZ (Kormal High School) Que : Autobiography of a Pen Ans : Hi! I am one of the proud members of the Parker family. I was born three years ago, in a factory in the US. Later, I was taken through many tests and after my good health was verified, I was packed and shipped to India along with several of my friends. Once in India, we all were separated, save for a few. I was sent to a big stationery store in Mumbai where every single customer stopped to have a second glance at me due to my shining presence. I was the center of attention. I know that I was the object of envy for many other pens. One day, a very rich man came to the store for shopping and his eyes fell on me. He couldnt resist my charms and immediately bought me. Later I came to know that he was the creative director of Mumbais biggest ad agency. I was overjoyed to leave the dusty showcase of the store and join a man of importance. For the first five days, I lived a privileged. I was used to sign all the documents, make ad copies and many of those ads were hits on the television. But all that ended one day, when his wife gifted him with another pen on his birthday. In a matter of days, I was given to the masters driver. The drivers soiled shirts and dirty tables robbed me of my sheen and his naughty children often dropped me causing my body to break. I was bandaged by a tape but I could never be my original self. A few days ago, the driver exhausted my ink and threw me into a corner of his house. Since then, I am rotting here, awaiting the next turn of fate. Que : If Newspapers were Stopped [ Mar 98 ] Ans : Newspapers play a very important role in our lives. We cannot imagine a single day without the newspaper at our doorstep in the morning. No matter how much of a hurry we are in, there is always time for a quick look at the headlines, which tell us at a glance what is happening all over the world. The forming of a new government, the winning or losing of a cricket match, an earthquake, an aeroplane crash, a train accident, the tragedies of a common man are all covered in the few sheets which comprise a newspaper. There is hardly any aspect of life which is not covered by newspaper. Apart from news, it gives us valuable information in the forms of advertisements, notices and reviews. Newspapers bring awareness and consciousness to the literate public. If such valuable news media was stopped then what would happen. We cannot have any information about cricket match, government, or an accident. We will not get any information regarding any new product. People would be away from the world. They would be alone, cut off from the world. People of the world would not know each other. We would go back to 13th or 14th century. Before new sea-route to India was discovered, Europeans did not know about Asians and Asians did not know about Europeans. Later on when trade began the people came in contact with each other. In the same way if newspaper were stopped people would be unaware of the new discoveries and inventions. It is a well established fact that newspapers are valuable nobody can deny that. We should exercise our discrimination while reading the newspapers. Sometimes they are instrumental in instigating people to do wrong things. In spite of television, newspapers are still the most effective and influential means of communication with the citizens of the world. Que : Write an application for the post of a clerk-cum-typist in a local factory of your town. Ans : 7, Anmol Appts, Nr. Shivranjani Satellite, Abad 11th April, 2002 To, The Manager Neo Chem Industries, Vatva, Abad Sub : Application for the Post of a Clerk-cum-Typist Sir, With reference to your advertisement in the TOI dated 9th April 02, I would like to apply for the post of a clerk. I have an excellent typing speed of 59 WPM which is a necessary skill for the post. I have the cleared my B. Com. with a First Class. I am also comfortable with computers and am well versed in MS OFFICE and the internet. I have enclosed my bio-data for further reference. I can assure you that if given a chance, I would work to the best of my abilities and provide good results. Thanking you, Yours faithfully, XYZ Que : Read the passage and answer the questions given below. It is no startling assertion to make, that poetry is beautiful, it is a claim that all would readily admit, especially those whose neglect of poetry is as complete as their regard for beauty. But once you have looked face to face upon the spirit of beauty, as it can be manifested in a great poem, you will never disregard it again. For it holds you by a charm which though invisible is stronger than all the chains by which men bind themselves to the material world. Success, money, position, these are to most men things to be desired above all others : they seek the comfort of their own bodies, the respect of their friends, self esteem, safety. But to the spirit these things may be fetter keeping it a prisoner in a world, which it despises. Poetry, it is true, will never bring you wealth or luxury or ease, and if anyone goes out to discover poetry hoping to become rich or famous, then the sooner he turns back the better. But remember always that the things of the spirit are more important than the things of the body; poetry has more to give you than any material success; treasures of the mind and the soul wise understanding, sympathy, eyes to behold beauty, a nature at peace and in harmony with life. By the virtue of its beauty poetry can do this, and all this is what we mean when we say that poetry is beautiful. 1) What is the assertion with which the author begins his passage? (2) What is the author’s comment on the spirit of beauty in a poem? (3) What happens to the spirit when a man seeks material pleasure? (4) What can poetry give a person? Ans : (1) What is the assertion with which the author begins his passage? Ans : The author begins his passage with the assertion that poetry is beautiful. (2) What is the author’s comment on the spirit of beauty in a poem? Ans : The author believes that once we have paid attention to the spirit of beauty in a poem, we would never again disregard it. It is an invisible bond which holds us with its charm. (3) What happens to the spirit when a man seeks material pleasure? Ans : When a man only seeks material pleasures, the spirit is bound as a prisoner in a world, which it despises. (4) What can poetry give a person? Ans : Poetry can give a man treasures of the mind and the soul, understanding, sympathy, an eye for beauty, a nature which is at peace with life. (2)The scientist I admire the most Dr Vikram Sarabhai is the scientist whom I admire the most. He was born on August 12, 1919 in the renowned Sarabhai family. Ambalal Sarabhai, his father, was a well-known industrialist. His mother, Saraladevi, was a staunch follower of Mahatma Gandhi. She was a great social worker. Vikram studied at home. After passing his matriculation examination, he studied in Gujarat College for sometime. Then he went to England for further studies. After returning to India, he worked under Sir C V Raman at the Institute of Science in Bangalore. He obtained his Ph. D. degree for his research on Cosmic Rays. He worked as a professor of Cosmic Rays at the Physical Research Laboratory in Ahmedabad. Later, he became its Director. He helped in establishing ATIRA. He also worked as the Director of the Indian Institute of Management at Ahmedabad. He was then appointed as the Chairman of the Indian Atomic Energy Commission. He wished to use science for peaceful purposes and for the welfare of mankind. He is remembered for his ceaseless work in institutions like the Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station in Kerala and the Artificial Satellite Launching Station near Chennai (Madras). He was awarded Padmabhushan by the Government of India. He passed away on December 30, 1971 at Thiruvananthpuram. He was a great scientist indeed ! B)Write a letter to your friend congratulation him for his brilliant success in the examination. Ans: 9, Suketu Flats Ashram Road, Ahmedabad 380009 June 1, 2002 Dear Samir, We came to know about result and were very glad. Please accept my congratulations on your brilliant success at the SSC Examination. My parents are very happy and they have asked me to convey their blessings to you. I shall try to follow your example and study hard and regularly to succeed in life. We shall celebrate your success with a party when you come here. I am looking forward to your visit eagerly. Your Friend XYZ (C)Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below : The man came with the poison and said to Socrates, You have only to drink this, and walk about until your legs feel heavy, and then lie down and it will act itself. Socrates took the cup cheerfully, without trembling, and without any change of colour, and looked up at the man with that fixed glance of his, and asked, Shall I make an offering to the gods, from it? We only prepare so much as we think sufficient, Socrates, he answered. I understand, said Socrates, I must pray to the gods that my journey hence may be prosperous : that is my prayer; be it so. With these words he put the cup to his lips and drank the poison calmly and cheerfully. Most of men present controlled their grief. But one of them burst into a loud cry. Then all of them broke down except Socrates himself. What are you doing my friends? He exclaimed, I sent away chiefly in ord er that they might not offend in this way, for I have heard that a man should die in silence. So calm yourselves and bear up. The men were ashamed and ceased weeping. But he walked about, until his legs were getting heavy and then lay down on his back. Feeling left his legs; then heavier and heavier he was cold and stiff. And then Socrates himself said when it came to the heart he should be gone. After a short interval there was a movement. Then all was still. QUESTIONS : (1) What did the man ask Socrates to do? (2) How did Socrates receive the poison? (3) What did Socrates do before drinking the poison? Why? (4) How did Socrates calm down the angry men? (5) How did Socrates die? Ans: (1) The man asked Socrates to drink the poison and walk about until he felt that his legs were heavy, and then lie down. He also told him that it would act itself. (2) Socrates took the cup cheerfully, without trembling, and without any change of colour on his face. (3) Before drinking the poison, Socrates offered it to the Gods and prayed for a prosperous journey. (4) Socrates calmed the angry men by saying that he was being sent away chiefly in order that they might not get offended in this way, for he had heard that a man should die in silence. So they should calm themselves and bear up. 5) After drinking the poison, Socrates walked about, until his legs were getting heavy and then he lay down on his back. Soon feeling left his legs and became heavier. He became cold and stiff. Then Socrates himself said that when it came to the heart he should be gone. After a short interval there was a movement at all. (B)Expand the idea contained in any one of the following :5 (1)We live i n deeds, not in years. Ans: Life is not to be measured in days or months or years. Rather, it should be measured according to the deeds performed during the years. If a man lives a hundred years of inactive life, his life is as good as a living death. But if a man lives for just thirty years but does some constructive work, he becomes immortal through his work. Ramanujan was a great mathematician who lived just about thirty odd years but he is still remembered as a legend. On the other hand, there are so many people who live a hundred years and still die an unknown death. This point can be best understood by the example of an oak and lily. An oak lives on for years at a stretch but it is hardly of any use to anyone. On the other hand, the lily dies in a day but for the time it lives, it spreads light and happiness in the lives of people. 2)A stitch in time saves nine. Ans: It is always safe to take action before the eleventh hour descends. If we take an action on time, we can always end up satisfied in the end. But if we keep postponing things for later and not do our work in time, we will find ourselves scampering here and there to get things done at the last minute. For example, if a sailor ignores a small hole in the ship and d oesn’t make any effort to mend it, he will soon find that small jets of water will seep in. slowly, the water jets will become powerful and the small hole will become a bigger one. Then, the ship will slowly be flooded and lives will be at danger and in no time, the ship will sink taking with it hundreds of lives. Thus, one’s carelessness can wreck havoc. Thus, it is always better to do things at the right time than ending up repenting over our idleness or carelessness. Q. 3 (A) Write an essay on any one of the following in about 200 words. 10 (1)The World of Tomorrow Ans: According to Dr. Radhakrishnan, the former President of India, The whole world is a family, it is a nest. We are the children of the same God and it should be our ideal to make the world one arge family of nations. To achieve this ideal, every man has to become a world citizen. To make our world the best the man has to train himself to be ready to sacrifice his selfish interest for the happiness of others. He must become broad-minded. He must build up relations with men in other parts of the world and work with them for the establishment of world peace. The world is facing many proble ms terrorism, unemployment, pollution, poverty, communalism, imperialism etc. The world of tomorrow will be free from all these problems, but man has to work for it. Man will have to make sacrifices in order to inculcate in his own mind and in the minds of others. The sentiment, the spirit of universal brotherhood. He should concentrate on developing the spirit of cooperation. In tomorrows world everyone will be properly fed, will have proper job for everyone and shelter. Poverty will be abolished, everyone will be employed. The work will contribute not only for the welfare of the people but also for the overall development of a man. The feelings of hatred and revenge will be abandoned by the man and the feelings of love and compassion will take its place. Unity will be achieved by developing the sentiment of universal brotherhood. He has to rise above his narrow selfish interests and concentrate on developing the spirit of co-operation to achieve the unity in the world. There will pure air, water, the pollution will be a past thing. Rivers and seas will be clean. There will not be any noise pollution. Man will make use of renewable source of energy. Education will be free for everyone. Everyone will have equal opportunities to select the line of education of ones own liking. There will not be any caste differences. There will be unity, peace prosperity in the future. 2)Home, Sweet Home! Ans: Home, the most beautiful place on earth. Every person loves his home. Thomas Hood has said I remember, I remember The house where I was born, The little window where the sun, Came peeping in at morn. A child, when he grows up and raises his own family, but he does not forget his sisters and brothers where they have grown together. As I remember , I remember And where my brothers set, The lumberman on his birthday, The true is living yet. J. Howard Pahe said Be it ever so humble there is no place like Home. Mother contributes the most to make the home sweet. Even other members of the family also contribute to make a home comfortable for every member of the family. We always remember our home. If we go out for a world tour and visit many beautiful places, palaces but we will always be counting days when we will return to our home. Home is a place which use will never erase from our mind. To make our home sweet it is a combined efforts by all the family members. (B) Imagine that you are Suyash Pathak, from Yogeshwar Society, Race Course, Rajkot. Write a letter to the authority of municipality requesting to take action against the vendors outside your school. Ans:Yogeshwar Society Race Course Rajkot 2 7 2003 To, The Municipal Commissioner Rajkot Subject : Menace of Vendors outside School Sir, I have no doubt that you are aware of that vendors with their different food-stuffs like sandwich, fruits, cold-drink etc. and pan-masala near my school D. A. V. High School. The stuff which is prepared and sold in a very unhygienic conditions. It is exposed to flies and other insects so it is a threat to the health of school children. May I request to your goodness to take immediately action to prohibit the selling of such food-stuffs by the vendors. Yours Faithfully Suyash Pathak C)Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below One day George Washington was riding along a road. On the way, he saw some soldiers, trying to lift a heavy beam. The Corporal was giving them order. The beam was too heavy to move without help. They needed just one man more. The Corporal, however, would not help them. He thought he was big an of ficer to come down to the level of the soldiers. Washington watched for a minute and then asked the Corporal why he did not help the soldiers. The Corporal at once turned round and said, Dont you know, Sir that I am an officer? Washington replied, I beg your pardon, Mr. Corporal; I did not know that you were such a great man. Then he at once dismounted, took off his coat, rolled up his sleeves and pulled the beam with all his might. The beam came up at once. Washington then mounted his horse again and said to the officer, Mr. Corporal, if in future you need the help of another man, send for your General. The Corporal was ashamed. Washington, the First President of USA was a great man indeed. Questions : (1) Why could the soldiers not lift up the beam? (2) Why did the Corporal not help the soldiers? 3) What did Washington say to the Corporal in the end? (4) Why was the Corporal ashamed? (5) What lesson do you learn from the story? Ans: (1) Why could the soldiers not lift up the be am? Ans: The solders could not lift up the beam because if was very heavy. (2) Why did the Corporal not help the soldiers? Ans: The Corporal did not help the soldiers because he thought that he was a big officer to come down to the level of the soldiers. (3) What did Washington say to the Corporal in the end? Ans: George Washington said to Mr. Corporal that in future if he needs any help he can send for his General. 4) Why was the Corporal ashamed? Ans: The Corporal was ashamed as he came to knew that George Washington himself was his General. (5) What lesson do you learn from the story? Ans: The story tells us that no work is small or big far any person. OR Make a precis of the above passage and give it a suitable title. Ans: Work Belittles None George Washington saw some solders trying to lift a heavy beam, but they needed just one man more. The Corporal thought he was too big an officer to come down to the level of the soldiers to help them. Washington dismounted and pulled the b eam up. He said to the officer that if in future he needs the help, he could send for his general. The Corporal was ashamed. (B)Expand the idea contained in any one of the following 5 (1)Handsome is that handsome does. Ans : Handsome the meaning of the word is fine form. A handsome person means a good-looking having pleasing looks. Everyone likes to be beautiful. People are attracted towards a handsome person. It is the nature of a human being that he likes only beautiful things. Nature has provided many beautiful things in the world. Everyone likes to appreciate a butterfly, but not a bat. Physical beauty is not real beauty unless it has an inner beauty. A person is handsome when he does some handsome deed. If a good-looking person is criminal then no one would like him. But instead of a criminal, he does good deeds like helping needy people, to help educational institutions, hospitals, though his wealth or by his service, he would be called a handsome person. Freedom fighters who sacrificed their life for the nation did good and handsome deeds. People appreciated their deeds. The beauty of the soul is shown of a person through his good and great thoughts, words and deeds. Mahatma Gandhi, ordinary in appearance, was really very handsome. Handsome deeds are done good thoughts, words. Handsome thoughts makes a person to do handsome work so we can say that handsome is as handsome does. (2)What cannot be cured must be endured. Ans : Medical Science provides cure for most of the diseases. But some of them cannot be cured. AIDS is one of them. A patient suffering from an incurable disease should face life with courage and endurance. The person should judge his life as a gift of God and live the rest of his life with happiness. Today the government spends a lot on finding a cure for AIDS. Medical professionals are also hopeful for finding a cure for incurable diseases. Only time will tell, when such a cure will be available, but the hope is still there. One has to live, till the time such a cure is available for general public. The person having an incurable disease should wait till a remedy is available. Friends, relatives should also support the patient to help him live the rest of his life with happiness. So we can say that What cannot be cured should be endured.

Secularization Essay Example

Secularization Essay Example Secularization Essay Secularization Essay It was Voltaire who said, If God did non be, it would be necessary to contrive him . Our theory agrees. ( Stark and Bainbridge 1987, page 23 ) . These words uttered by Stark and Bainbridge back in 1987 offer a glance into the longstanding and heated debated between the antecedently dominant, the Secularization Thesis and the finishing Supply Side Theory, in academic sociology. Both theories have profound deductions for the hereafter of faith as a force in society. This essay will look at two articles published in the Sociology of Religion. First, this essay will look at the two finishing theories of the Secularization Thesis and the Supply Side. Second, a sum-up of the chief points of Starks article entitled Secularization: RIP in 1999, and Bruce s 2001 response article entitled Christianity in Britain: RIP will be presented. Looking critically at both articles, this essay will reason that Stark has won the argument for this around. The secularisation thesis day of the months from when the theory of development was at the high of its influence. The theory in its modern conjuration comes from the work of British sociologist Bruan Wilson in the sixtiess. This double thesis was based on the observation that since the Gallic and industrial revolutions in Europe in the 19th and 20 centuries have lead to a diminution in religionism. First, this theory used Modernity as an account for the issue of Christianity from the universe. Secondary, this theory, would hold the same effects on all types of societies. It saw the extinction of faith from an enlightened universe. On the other manus, Supply Side Theory came to dispute the secularisation theory in the 1980 s. This theory aims to explicate religionism. Advocates believe that there is a changeless possible human demand for spiritual goods over clip and between societies. They believe that as the supply of these goods fluctuates, these fluctuations explain the different degrees of spiritual energies in different societies. Basically, the greater the spiritual diverseness of a society, the better the spiritual energy in that society. As antecedently noted the secularisation thesis theory has come under aggressive onslaught. Rodney Stark, so learning at the University of Washington in 1999 published his article Secularization, R.I.P. in the Sociology of Religion diary. In this article, Stark clearly argues that the Secularisation theoy, is out-dated, antique and, as the rubric of his article high spots, the theory is dead and should be left to rest in peace Stark begins his article by observing, [ f ] or about three centuries, societal scientists and miscellaneous western intellectuals have been assuring the terminal of religion . Stark makes five major claims about the thesis. First, harmonizing to Stark, Modernity and modernization is seen by theoreticians to be the cause of secularisation. He notes that modernization is a long, gradual, comparatively stable process , and that if secularisation is the consequence of modernization, there will be a corresponding long-term, gradual, and comparatively changeless tendency of spiritual decline . Second, to Stark, the focal point of the anticipations is on single piousness, particularly belief, non institutional distinction. He believes that some protagonists of the secularisation thesis have changed their focal point and definition so they do non hold to acknowledge that their thesis is failed. In fact, Stark agrees faith establishments have less power and that spiritual ritual and symbols have become less common in public life. Starks 3rd statement is that in all versions of the thesis the claim that of all facets of modernisation, it is scientific discipline that has the most deathly deductions for religion . Fourthly, Secularization is irreversible. Nevertheless, Stark disagrees with this by observing Andree Greeley s 1994 remark that after 70 old ages of Soviet Union activist attempts to accomplish secularization St. Vladimir has routed Karl Marx . Finally, Stark notes that the thesis applies globally. While the theoreticians have largely focuses on Christianity, belief in supernatural powers is traveling to decease out all over the universe. Allah and Jehovah will both fall in each other as an interesting historical memory . Secularization, R.I.P. , so gets into particulars. To Stark the secularisation thesis has failed to be an accurate anticipation due to six chief grounds. First, it is a myth that there has been a diminution in spiritual belief and engagement because there has been no incontrovertible long-run diminution in European spiritual participation and in Europe levels of subjective devoutness remain high. Next, he argues that there has neer been an Age of Faith . To Stark most Europeans did non go to church during the in-between Ages and during the Renaissance. In fact, he highlights that many clergy were unqualified and that clergy were frequently absent from their parishes. In add-on, while there were periodic detonations of mass spiritual enthusiasm , this offers even stronger grounds against engagement in organized faith. As a consequence, it can be said spiritual engagement sometimes rises and sometimes diminutions. Third, he argues that neer was Europe truly Christianized. Stark believe s that although early Christianity was a mass societal motion in a extremely competitory environment, it lost its energy after it became the official faith of the Roman Empire. After Emperor Constantine converted to Christianity, there was neer an effort to change over the general population of Europe. This ties in to his 4th statement. Stark notes that while some theoreticians confirm there was no Age of Faith, to them people still had high degrees of spiritual belief, even if they did non travel to church. Stark believes, utilizing secular Iceland as an illustration, this still applies today, observing that while Iceland merely has 2 per centum church attending, merely 2.4 per centum of the state are atheists. Fifthly, if secularisation is to demo up anyplace it must demo up among scientists . However, Stark discovers that many scientists report being spiritual. Evidence that there is a struggle between faith and scientific discipline is largely fictional, and scientists are non notably irreligious . Finally, Stark ends his harangue about the fails of the Secularization theory by saying that grounds from Eastern Europe, Muslim states and practicians of Asiatic folk faiths that modernness is compatible with faith. In 2001, Steven Bruce, Professor of Sociology at the University of Aberdeen, responded to Stark, with the suitably titled Christianity in Britain, R.I.P. . Bruce disagrees with Starks hypothesis that the secularization is merely a myth, based upon undervaluing the spiritual verve of the of the universe today. Furthermore, Stark argued that this myth besides exaggerated the religionism of the past age of religion. In order to rebut Starks claims, Bruce uses Britain as an illustration. First, Bruce looks back at pre-industrial Britain. While cognition of faith and its orthodoxy may hold been limited, in order for there to be no aureate age of religion we would hold to be able accept nine sociologically implausible assumptions . These scope from inquiring if the most powerful national establishment had small or no impact upon the people. To why would people let such a big sum of the wealth of Britain go to this establishment which they did non back up. To Bruce, spiritual beliefs so wer e still far more permeant and influential than they are now. Following, Bruce looks at assorted indexs of the diminution of Christianity in Britain over the last 150 old ages. Today, most Christian communities are in diminution. Even if we merely look to appraise done in 1951, 1990, and 2000 there is a clear tendency of dramatic diminution. Bruce goes every bit far to notice that utilizing the long-run stable tendency of the diminution of Church rank and attending, it is possible to do a statistical projection that by the 2030s the chief Christian denominations will discontinue to be. ( Methodist ) . Bruce clearly believes that no sum of supply side revisionism will alter the fact that Christianity in Britain is in serious problem. Bruce so takes a critical expression at supply-side theories of faith, which argue that demand is changeless and that degrees of spiritual verve hence depend on the supply, which is greatest when there is a free and competitory market for suppliers. He asks that sing Christianity has ever valued corporate Acts of the Apostless of worship, and if there is a free market place for faith and no deficiency of deficit of Christian administrations. Surly this should be expressed in some manner. Bruce notes that while the New Age motion might look to show the being of widespread informal spiritual belief, possibly of an digesting demand for faith, his scrutiny of the extent, nature, and significance of that motion suggests otherwise, observing that they are numerically all but irrelevant . The ranks of these new administrations do non sufficiently do up for those lost from the more traditional denominations, which are in danger of dwindling past the demographic point of no return.

The British Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 5

The British Economy - Essay Example In this process, the accuracy and efficiency have enhanced but complexities have also increased significantly. International trade has a great economic importance as it helps to bring economic prosperity to a country. International trade activities include import and export which influences foreign and domestic exchanges. Besides, certain economic risks are also associated with international trade and hence, the government always try to control international trade-related activities. This paper will attempt to deal with foreign exchanges policy of UK. Earlier, the UK pound was used to be determined using the fixed exchange rate policy by comparing to other foreign currencies. However, due to certain shortcomings of fixed exchange rate policy, the UK Government has shifted to floating exchange rate policy. This paper will present explanations on fixed and floating rate policies and how the UK Government plays a crucial role in controlling and deciding the foreign and domestic currency policies. The UK is one of the leading economies in Europe and it belongs to the category of first world country. It is a â€Å"leading trading power and financial center is the third largest economy in Europe after Germany and France†. Since last two decades, the Government is playing a very crucial role in the growth of agriculture, services, and industrialization. Its GDP as per purchasing power parity was nearly $2.189 trillion and GDP as per official exchange rate was nearly $2.259 trillion. The per capita GDP was nearly was $35,100 with real GDP growth rate of 1.6% in 2010. Regulatory authorities including the central bank (Bank of England) is responsible for managing and controlling the economic affairs. The inflation and unemployment in 2010 were 3.3% and 7.9%. During the financial crisis of 2007-2008, the UK’s economy was heavily affected.